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Properties of substance:

trans-butenedioic acid

Synonyms:

fumaric acid

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless monoclinic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C4H4O4

Structural formula as text:

HOOCCH=CHCOOH

Molar/atomic mass: 116.07

Melting point (°C):

287

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

acetone: 1.29 (20°C) [Ref.]
acetone: 1.72 (29.7°C) [Ref.]
benzene: 0.003 (25°C) [Ref.]
carbon tetrachloride: 0.027 (25°C) [Ref.]
chloroform: 0.02 (25°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: 1.01 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 95%: 5.75 (29.7°C) [Ref.]
i-propanol: 2.13 (5.85°C) [Ref.]
i-propanol: 3.31 (17.85°C) [Ref.]
i-propanol: 3.99 (23.85°C) [Ref.]
i-propanol: 6.99 (47.85°C) [Ref.]
i-propanol: 13.56 (77.85°C) [Ref.]
propanol: 1.65 (5.85°C) [Ref.]
propanol: 2 (11.85°C) [Ref.]
propanol: 2.38 (17.85°C) [Ref.]
propanol: 2.79 (23.85°C) [Ref.]
propanol: 4.82 (47.85°C) [Ref.]
propanol: 9.86 (78.65°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.7 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 1.07 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 2.4 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: 9.8 (100°C) [Ref.]
xylene: 0.027 (29.7°C) [Ref.]

Density:

1.635 (20°C, d4)

Dissociation:

pKa (1) = 3.1 (25°C, water)
pKa (2) = 4.6 (25°C, water)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-811.7 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

168 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

142 (s)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-675.8 (g)

LD50 (mg/kg):

9300 (rats, oral)
100 (mice, intraperitoneal)

References:

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-25
  2. Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 215-217
  3. Stahl P.H., Wermuth C.G. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use. - Wiley-VCH, 2002. - pp. 282-283
  4. Yalkowsky S.H., Yan H., Jain P. Handbook of aqueous solubility data. – 2nd ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 85
  5. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 393 [Russian]
  6. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.2. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1962. - pp. 1313 [Russian]
  7. Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 1066-1067 [Russian]
  8. Токсикологический вестник. - 1994. - №2. - pp. 27 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru