Main page (Russian) Search in database (English)

Properties of substance:

carbon tetrachloride

Synonyms:

tetrachloromethane

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

CCl4

Structural formula as text:

CCl4

Molar/atomic mass: 153.82

Melting point (°C):

-22.87

Boiling point (°C):

76.75

Decomposition temperature (°C):

400

CAS №: 56-23-5

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane: miscible [Ref.]
acetone: soluble [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : soluble [Ref.]
benzene: miscible [Ref.]
bromine liquid: soluble [Ref.]
chlorine liquid: very soluble [Ref.]
chloroform: miscible [Ref.]
chromyl chloride: soluble [Ref.]
diethyl ether: miscible [Ref.]
diethylene glycol: 35.5 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: miscible [Ref.]
ethanol 50%: 6.4 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethylene glycol : 6.6 (25°C) [Ref.]
formic acid: 6.95 (25°C) [Ref.]
hydrogen fluoride : slightly soluble [Ref.]
phosphorus(V) trichloride oxide: soluble [Ref.]
propylene glycol: 30.5 (25°C) [Ref.]
sulfolane: miscible [Ref.]
water: 0.097 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.083 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.08 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 0.085 (30°C) [Ref.]

Density:

1.668 (-20°C, g/cm3)
1.63195 (0°C, g/cm3)
1.602 (15°C, g/cm3)
1.5954 (20°C, g/cm3)
1.5842 (25°C, g/cm3)
1.503 (60°C, g/cm3)
1.48 (76°C, g/cm3)

Synthesis 1:

Reference: Evans, L., & Gray, R. Preparation of Certain Polychlorodimethyl Ethers / Journal of Organic Chemistry. - 1958. - Vol. 23, No. 5 pp. 746 [doi: 10.1021/jo01099a602]

A 2-liter, 3-necked flask which was equipped with a mechanical stirrer, condenser and ice trap, thermometer, and sintered-glass disk inlet tube was charged with 616 g. (4.0 moles) carbon tetrachloride and 368 g. (2.0 moles) bis(dichloromethyl) ether. The solution was heated to reflux and chlorine was introduced at a rate of 142 ml./min. until 43 g. (0.6 mole) had been admitted. It was necessary to apply external heat to maintain reflux. Fractionation of the product at reduced pressures resulted in the recovery of phosgene, unreacted bis(dichloromethyl) ether and 709 g. (4.6 moles) carbon tetrachloride. The excess carbon tetrachloride over that charged presumably resulted from the same decomposition which produced phosgene. No chloroform or more highly chlorinated ether was recovered.

This experiment was repeated reducing the temperature to 50° and the chlorine flow to 100 ml./min. Again phosgene, unreacted bis(dichloromethyl) ether, and 115% of the charged carbon tetrachloride were obtained by fractionation at reduced pressures.

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. [Ref.1, Ref.2, Ref.3]
    CH2Cl2 + Cl2 → CHCl3 + HCl
    CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl
  2. [Ref.1, Ref.2]
    CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl
    CH3Cl + Cl2 → CH2Cl2 + HCl
    CH2Cl2 + Cl2 → CHCl3 + HCl
    CHCl3 + Cl2 → CCl4 + HCl

Reactions:

  1. [Ref.1]
    6S + CCl4 → CS2 + 2S2Cl2

Refractive index (nD):

1.4607 (20°C)

Permittivity (dielectric constant):

2.238 (20°C)

Dipole moment (D):

0 (20°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH (298 K, kJ/mol)

-132.842 (l) [Ref.]
-100.416 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG (298 K, kJ/mol)

-62.542 (l) [Ref.]
-58.154 (g) [Ref.]

Standard molar entropy S (298 K, J/(mol·K))

216.187 (l) [Ref.]
310.228 (g) [Ref.]

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298 K, J/(mol·K))

133.888 (l) [Ref.]
83.404 (g) [Ref.]

Enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol)

2.56 (s) [Ref.]

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization at boiling point ΔvapH (kJ/mol)

29.82 (l) [Ref.]

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol)

32.43 (l) [25°C] [Ref.]

Critical temperature (°C):

283.2

Critical pressure (MPa):

4.5

References:

  1. Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 214-216
  2. Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 2-6
  3. Yalkowsky S.H., Yan H. Handbook of aqueous solubility data. - CRC Press, 2003. - pp. 17-18
  4. Альберт А. Избирательная токсичность. - Т.2. - М.: Медицина, 1989. - pp. 308 [Russian]
  5. Гордон А., Форд Р. Спутник химика. - М.: Мир, 1976. - pp. 187 [Russian]
  6. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 529 [Russian]
  7. Промышленные хлорорганические продукты: Справочник. - М.: Химия, 1978. - pp. 35-44 [Russian]
  8. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 185-186 [Russian]
  9. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 369 [Russian]
  10. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.2. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1962. - pp. 1021-1041 [Russian]
  11. Успехи химии. - 1971. - Т.40, №2. - pp. 226-253 [Russian]
  12. Успехи химии. - 1971. - Т.40, №3. - pp. 462-490 [Russian]
  13. Успехи химии. - 1989. - Т.58, №1. - pp. 146 [Russian]
  14. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 392-393 [Russian]
  15. Химический энциклопедический словарь. - Под ред. Кнунянц И.Л. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1983. - pp. 688 [Russian]
  16. Химия и жизнь. - 1990. - №5. - pp. 82 [Russian]

    Your requests if no data into database




    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru