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Properties of substance:

maleic acid

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

colorless monoclinic crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C4H4O4

Structural formula as text:

HOOCCH=CHCOOH

Molar/atomic mass: 116.07

Melting point (°C):

130.5

Decomposition temperature (°C):

200

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

1-propanol: 25 (0°C) [Ref.]
1-propanol: 32.1 (22.5°C) [Ref.]
acetic acid: soluble [Ref.]
acetone: 35.77 (29.7°C) [Ref.]
benzene: 0.024 (25°C) [Ref.]
carbon tetrachloride: 0.002 (25°C) [Ref.]
chloroform: 0.011 (25°C) [Ref.]
diethyl ether: 8.19 (25°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: 43.3 (0°C) [Ref.]
ethanol: 52.4 (22.5°C) [Ref.]
ethanol 95%: 69.9 (20°C) [Ref.]
i-butanol: 16.6 (0°C) [Ref.]
i-butanol: 21.2 (22.5°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 69.5 (22.5°C) [Ref.]
water: 78.8 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 112.5 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 148.7 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: 392.6 (97.5°C) [Ref.]
xylene: 0.0085 (29.7°C) [Ref.]

Density:

1.59 (20°C, g/cm3)

Dissociation:

pKa (1) = 1.92 (25°C, water)
pKa (1) = 6.23 (25°C, water)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-789.4 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

160.8 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

137 (s)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-679.4 (g)

LD50 (mg/kg):

708 (rats, oral)
2400 (mice, oral)

References:

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-25
  2. Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics. - 1987. - Vol. 19. - pp. 317-320
  3. Seidell A. Solubilities of organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.2. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1941. - pp. 215-217
  4. Stahl P.H., Wermuth C.G. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Salts: Properties, Selection, and Use. - Wiley-VCH, 2002. - pp. 292
  5. Yalkowsky S.H., Yan H., Jain P. Handbook of aqueous solubility data. – 2nd ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 86
  6. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 392 [Russian]
  7. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.2. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1962. - pp. 1160, 1272, 1312-1313 [Russian]
  8. Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 762-763 [Russian]
  9. Справочник химика. - Т. 3. - М.-Л.: Химия, 1965. - pp. 90 [Russian]
  10. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 2. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1990. - pp. 640-641 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru