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Properties of substance:

phosphorus(V) chloride

Synonyms:

phosphorus pentachloride

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless tetragonal crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Cl5P

Structural formula as text:

PCl5

Molar/atomic mass: 208.24

Sublimation point (°C):

159-300

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

carbon disulphide: soluble [Ref.]
carbon tetrachloride: soluble [Ref.]
hydrogen sulfide liquid: soluble [Ref.]
iodine monochloride: soluble [Ref.]
phosphorus(V) trichloride oxide: very soluble [Ref.]
water: reaction [Ref.]

Density:

2.11 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions of synthesis:

  1. Yeild 85%. [Ref.1aster, Ref.2aster, Ref.3aster, Ref.4aster, Ref.5aster]
    PCl3 + Cl2 → PCl5
  2. [Ref.1aster, Ref.2aster, Ref.3aster]
    2P + 5Cl2 → 2PCl5

Reactions:

  1. [Ref.1, Ref.2, Ref.3]
    PCl5 → PCl3 + Cl2
  2. Yeild 86%. [Ref.1aster]
    NH4Cl + PCl5 + 6HF → NH4PF6 + 6HCl
  3. Yeild 73%. [Ref.1aster]
    KCl + PCl5 + 6HF → KPF6 + 6HCl
  4. Yeild 87%. [Ref.1aster]
    NaCl + PCl5 + 6HF → NaPF6 + 6HCl
  5. Yeild 70%. [Ref.1aster]
    P2S5 + 3PCl5 → 5PSCl3
  6. [Ref.1]
    PCl5 + SO2 → POCl3 + SOCl2
  7. [Ref.1aster, Ref.2, Ref.3]
    3PCl5 + 5AsF3 → 3PF5 + 5AsCl3
  8. [Ref.1]
    HOSO2NH2 + 2PCl5 → ClSO2N=PCl3 + POCl3 + 3HCl
  9. [Ref.1]
    H2NCONH2 + 2PCl5 → Cl3P=NCON=PCl3 + 4HCl

Vapour pressure (Torr):

10 (78°C)
18 (90°C)
35 (100°C)
67 (110°C)
100 (116.8°C)
117 (120°C)
190 (130°C)
294 (140°C)
445 (150°C)
670 (160°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-435.6 (s)

ΔHsublimation (kJ/mol):

63.2

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-366.9 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

364 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

113 (g)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-443.5 (s)

Critical temperature (°C):

372

References:

  1. Inorganic Syntheses. - Vol. 1. - New York and London, 1939. - pp. 99-100
  2. Вредные вещества в промышленности: Справочник для химиков, инженеров и врачей. - 7-е изд., Т.3. - Л.: Химия, 1976. - pp. 134 [Russian]
  3. Ефимов А.И. и др. Свойства неорганических соединений. Справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1983. - pp. 208-209 [Russian]
  4. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 440 [Russian]
  5. Некрасов Б.В. Основы общей химии. - Т.1. - М.: Химия, 1973. - pp. 455 [Russian]
  6. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 108 [Russian]
  7. Справочник химика. - 2 изд., Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 238-239 [Russian]
  8. Фурман А.А. Неорганические хлориды (химия и технология). - М.: Химия, 1980. - pp. 294-295 [Russian]
  9. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 5. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1999. - pp. 147 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru