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Properties of substance:

magnesium chloride

Group of substances:

inorganic

Physical appearance:

colorless hexagonal crystals

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

Cl2Mg

Structural formula as text:

MgCl2

Molar/atomic mass: 95.21

Melting point (°C):

707

Boiling point (°C):

1412

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

acetone: sparingly soluble [Ref.]
ammonia liquid : insoluble [Ref.]
benzonitrile: sparingly soluble [Ref.]
carbon disulphide: insoluble [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 3.61 (0°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 4.34 (10°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 5.6 (20°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 7.4 (30°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 10 (40°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 12.8 (50°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 15.89 (60°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 17.2 (65°C) [Ref.]
ethanol abs.: 18.63 (70°C) [Ref.]
ethyl acetate: soluble [Ref.]
hydrazine: 2 [Ref.]
methanol: 15.5 (0°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 15.7 (10°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 16 (20°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 16.7 (30°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 17.8 (40°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 19 (50°C) [Ref.]
methanol: 20.4 (60°C) [Ref.]
methyl acetate: insoluble [Ref.]
pyridine: 1.28 (0°C) [Ref.]
pyridine: 1.06 (25°C) [Ref.]
selenium(IV) oxychloride: 5.22 (25°C) [Ref.]
sulfur dioxide: 0.014 (0°C) [Ref.]
tetrahydrofuran: 4.56 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 52.9 (0°C) [Ref.]
water: 53.8 (10°C) [Ref.]
water: 54.8 (20°C) [Ref.]
water: 55.5 (25°C) [Ref.]
water: 56 (30°C) [Ref.]
water: 58 (40°C) [Ref.]
water: 61.3 (60°C) [Ref.]
water: 65.8 (80°C) [Ref.]
water: 73 (100°C) [Ref.]
water: 92.9 (130°C) [Ref.]
water: 95.3 (150°C) [Ref.]
water: 135.3 (200°C) [Ref.]

Multicomponent solubility (in wt%):

water 64.18%, magnesium hydroxide 0.07%, magnesium chloride 35.75%, 25 °C, separating phase: MgCl2 * 6H2O [Ref.]
water 65.87%, magnesium hydroxide 0.12%, magnesium chloride 34.01%, 25 °C, separating phase: MgCl2 * 3Mg(OH)2 * 8H2O [Ref.]
water 67.52%, magnesium hydroxide 0.39%, magnesium chloride 32.09%, 25 °C, separating phase: MgCl2 * 3Mg(OH)2 * 8H2O [Ref.]
water 44.783%, acetone 24.387%, magnesium chloride 30.83%, 20 °C [Ref.]

Properties of solutions:

10% (wt.), solvent - water
  Dynamic viscosity (mPa·s) = 1.57 (20°)
  Density (g/cm3) = 1.0826 (20°)
  Index of refraction = 1.3587 (20°)

Hygroscopic:

yes

Numerical data:

Bitter taste threshold concentrations (mM): 1.276

Density:

2.32 (20°C, g/cm3)

Vapour pressure (Torr):

1 (776°C)
10 (925°C)
100 (1137°C)

Viscosity (mPa·s):

4.12 (808°C)

Surface tension (mN/m):

67 (720°C)
66 (800°C)
65 (900°C)

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-641.1 (s)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-591.6 (s)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

89.88 (s)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

71.09 (s)

Molar enthalpy (heat) of fusion ΔfusH (kJ/mol):

39.7

Enthalpy (heat) of vaporization ΔvapH (kJ/mol):

137

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-403 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

272 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

56.6 (g)

LD50 (mg/kg):

760 (rats, intraperitoneal)
1040 (mice, intraperitoneal)

References:

  1. Seidell A. Solubilities of inorganic and metal organic compounds. - 3ed., vol.1. - New York: D. Van Nostrand Company, 1940. - pp. 958-969
  2. Вредные химические вещества: Неорганические соединения элементов I-IV групп. Справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1988. - pp. 104 [Russian]
  3. Рабинович В.А., Хавин З.Я. Краткий химический справочник. - Л.: Химия, 1977. - pp. 78 [Russian]
  4. Справочник по растворимости. - Т.1, Кн.1. - М.-Л.: ИАН СССР, 1961. - pp. 234, 761 [Russian]
  5. Фурман А.А. Неорганические хлориды (химия и технология). - М.: Химия, 1980. - pp. 77-89 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru