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Properties of substance:

glyoxal

Group of substances:

organic

Physical appearance:

green liquid

Empirical formula (Hill's system for organic substances):

C2H2O2

Structural formula as text:

(CHO)2

Molar/atomic mass: 58.04

Melting point (°C):

15

Boiling point (°C):

50.4

Solubility (g/100 g of solvent):

diethyl ether: soluble [Ref.]
ethanol: soluble [Ref.]
water: very soluble [Ref.]

Density:

1.14 (20°C, g/cm3)

Reactions:

  1. [Ref.1]
    (CHO)2 + 2NH2OH → (CH=NOH)2 + 2H2O

Standard molar enthalpy (heat) of formation ΔfH0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-212 (g)

Standard molar Gibbs energy of formation ΔfG0 (298.15 K, kJ/mol):

-189.7 (g)

Standard molar entropy S0 (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

272.5 (g)

Molar heat capacity at constant pressure Cp (298.15 K, J/(mol·K)):

60.6 (g)

LD50 (mg/kg):

200-400 (white rats, oral)

References:

  1. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. - 90ed. - CRC Press, 2010. - pp. 5-21
  2. Dictionary of organic compounds. - Vol. 2, Eccaine - Myrtillin chloride. - London, 1946. - pp. 131
  3. Водянкина О.В., Курина Л.Н., Петров Л.А., Князев А.С. Глиоксаль. - М.: Academia, 2007 [Russian]
  4. Справочник химика. - Т. 2. - Л.-М.: Химия, 1964. - pp. 624-625 [Russian]
  5. Химическая энциклопедия. - Т. 1. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1988. - pp. 583 [Russian]
  6. Химический энциклопедический словарь. - Под ред. Кнунянц И.Л. - М.: Советская энциклопедия, 1983. - pp. 137 [Russian]
  7. Шабаров Ю.С. Органическая химия. - Ч. 1. - М.: Химия, 1994. - pp. 113 [Russian]

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    © Collected Ruslan Anatolievich Kiper, burewestnik@mail.ru